The Maya civilization was an ancient civilization that thrived in Mesoamerica, primarily in present-day Mexico and Central America, from around 2000 BCE to 900 CE. The Maya are best known for their advanced achievements in art, architecture, mathematics, astronomy, and writing systems, including the use of hieroglyphics. The Maya civilization is divided into different periods, including the Preclassic, Classic, and Postclassic periods. During the Classic period (250-900 CE), the Maya built impressive cities with grand temples, palaces, and ball courts, and developed complex social and political structures. The decline of the Maya civilization is still a topic of debate among historians and archaeologists, with theories ranging from warfare, environmental degradation, to drought and disease. The Maya civilization has left behind a rich legacy of art, architecture, and knowledge that continues to fascinate scholars and the public alike.